Mechanical imbalance refers to the uneven mass distribution of the rotating parts of an electric motor (such as the rotor), resulting in the center of gravity not coincident with the rotational axis. This imbalance will have multiple impacts on the stable operation of the motor, mainly including the following points:
Cause vibration: Mechanical imbalance can cause periodic vibration in the motor during operation. As the center of gravity of the rotor deviates from the rotation axis, a centrifugal force is generated during the rotation process. This centrifugal force changes periodically with the rotation of the rotor, thereby causing the vibration of the motor. Vibration not only affects the stability of the motor itself, but may also be transmitted to the surrounding equipment and structures, leading to instability of the entire system.
Increased noise: Vibration caused by imbalance can lead to increased friction and collision between motor components, thereby generating additional noise. Noise not only pollutes the working environment but may also mask other abnormal sounds during motor operation, affecting the judgment and diagnosis of motor faults.
Accelerated wear: Vibration and unbalanced forces will impose additional loads on components such as the motor's bearings and journal, leading to accelerated wear of these parts. Long-term operation in an unbalanced state will shorten the service life of components, increase maintenance costs and downtime. In addition, wear and tear may also lead to a decline in the precision of components, further affecting the performance and stability of the motor.
Reduced efficiency: Mechanical imbalance causes the motor to consume additional energy during operation to overcome the unbalanced force, thereby leading to a decrease in the motor's efficiency. At the same time, vibration and wear will also increase energy loss, raising the operating cost of the motor.
Affecting motor lifespan: Vibration, wear and additional loads caused by imbalance will subject the insulation materials, windings and other components of the motor to extra stress and fatigue, accelerating the aging and damage of these components, thereby shortening the service life of the motor. In severe cases, it may cause sudden motor failure, affecting production and the normal operation of equipment.
